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BASIC ENGLISH: GRAMMAR 5

 SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE



[simple present tense di gunakan untuk menyatakan kegiatan sehari-hari atau rutinitas, bisa juga di gunakan untuk menyatakan kebenaran umum]

 

KATA KERJA (VERB)

Kata kerja yang di pakai dalam aturan ini adalah kata kerja dalam bentuk satu (V1).

Misalnya:

Saya makan nasi setiap hari : I eat rice everyday. [kegiatan sehari-hari] 

Verb 1

Eat

Verb 2

Ate

Verb 3

Eaten

V –ing

Eating


Matahari terbit dari timur : The sun rises in the east. [kebenaran umum]

 

Verb 1

Rise

Verb 2

Rose

Verb 3

Risen

V –ing

Rising


*mendapat imbuhan s/es karena subjek nya tunggal atau satu.

 

RUMUS (FORMULA)

Aturan yang digunakan sebagai acuan dalam membuat kalimat simple present tense.

*I/You/We/They: Do


Untuk subjek : I, You, They, We

            (+) S + V1 + O + Adverb

            (-) S + do + not + V1 + adverb

            (?) Do + S + V1 + O + adverb?

Contoh : [kamu belajar bahasa inggris setiap hari senin]

            (+) You study English every Monday

            (-) You do not study English every Monday

            (?) Do you study English every Monday?

                        Yes, I do / No, I do not.

*She/He/It: does

Untuk subjek : He, She, it

            (+) S + V1(e/es) + O + Adverb

            (-) S + does + not + V1 + adverb

            (?) Does + S + V1 + O + adverb?

Contoh: [Dia minum susu setiap pagi]

            (+) She drinks milk every morning

            (-) She does not drink milk every morning

            (?) Does She drink milk every morning?

                        Yes, She does / No, She does not.

 

KETERANGAN WAKTU

-          Always [selalu]

-          Usually [biasanya]

-          Sometimes [kadang-kadang]

-          Every .. day, week, month .. [setiap .. hari, minggu, bulan, ...]

 

KETENTUAN PENAMBAHAN S/ES

Kata kerja yang mendapat imbuhan “s/es” yaitu kata kerja yang berakhiran huruf

(ch, sh, ss, o, x, z)

Contoh : Watch – Watches  [menonton]

               Wash – Washes [mencuci]

               Discuss – Discusses [mendiskusikan]

               Go – Goes [pergi]

               Fix – fixes [memperbaiki]

kata kerja yang berakhiran “Y” (huruf mati / konsonan) maka berubah menjadi “i” + “s”.

Contoh : Carry – Carries [membawa]

               Fly – Flies [terbang]

Kata kerja yang berakhiran huruf “Y” tapi sebelum huruf tersebut berupa huruf vocal/hidup maka “Y” tidak akan berubah namun di tambah “S”

Contoh : Buy – Buys [membeli]

               Play – Plays [bermain]

Kata kerja yang tidak termasuk dalam ketiga aturan di atas maka secara langsung di tambah “S”.

Contoh : Bring – Brings [membawa]

               Make – Makes [membuat]

 

Bisakah kalian merubah ini ke dalam (+, -, ?) ?

1.      Do they wash their motorcycle?

2.    Beni does not send a letter every month 




 

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